Rectal cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the rectum, the last part of the large intestine. When diagnosed early, the chance of cure is high and treatment usually involves surgery. Rectal cancer surgeryvaries depending on the location of the tumor, the stage of the cancer, and the general health status of the patient.
Who is Rectal Cancer Surgery Performed For?
Surgery is a surgical treatment method applied to patients diagnosed with rectal cancer. This procedure is planned depending on the stage of the cancer, the location of the tumor and the general health status of the patient.
The main goal of surgery is to completely remove the cancerous tissue and prevent the disease from spreading throughout the body. However, not every patient is a candidate for surgery. This decision depends on a number of factors specific to the patient.
Surgery is an effective treatment option, especially for patients diagnosed with early-stage cancer. If the cancer is confined to the rectal wall and has not spread to other organs, surgery usually has a high success rate. In this case, only the cancerous tissue is removed during surgery. Care is taken not to damage healthy tissue.
Surgery is also preferred in locally advanced cancers. In this case, although the tumor may have spread beyond the rectum, it may not have metastasized to distant organs. Surgery is usually combined with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. These treatments can be initiated before or after surgery.
In advanced stages of the disease, in patients with metastasis, surgery is performed only to improve the quality of life. Such interventions are aimed at preventing intestinal obstruction or relieving severe pain.
In conclusion, rectal cancer surgery It is planned differently for each patient. This process takes into account the patient's general condition, the stage of the cancer and the location of the tumor. Accordingly, it is evaluated by a multidisciplinary team.
Stages of Rectal Cancer Surgery
Rectal cancer surgery, is a surgical procedure planned according to the stage of the disease, the size of the tumor and the spread of the tumor. Its main purpose is to completely remove the cancerous tissue and prevent it from spreading to other organs in the body. The surgical process usually consists of three main stages.
In the preoperative period, the patient's general health status is evaluated in detail. During this process, blood tests, imaging methods (MRI, CT scans) and colonoscopy are performed. The results of these tests are very important to determine the size and location of the tumor.
The bowels may also need to be cleaned for surgery. This is usually done with bowel cleansing medications or a special diet. In some cases, chemotherapy or radiation therapy may be used to shrink the tumor before surgery.
During surgery, cancerous tissue and surrounding healthy tissue are carefully removed. Depending on the location of the tumor, different surgical techniques may be applied. For example, minimally invasive (laparoscopic) surgery may be preferred for early-stage cancers.
In more advanced cases, part or all of the rectum may be removed. In some cases, a temporary or permanent colostomy may be required. This decision is determined by the location and spread of the tumor.
After surgery, the patient usually stays in the hospital for a few days. During the recovery process, the intestines are monitored to function properly again. In addition, careful care is taken to reduce the risk of infection. Chemotherapy or radiotherapy may be required in the postoperative period.
Rectal cancer surgery The process is carefully managed with a multidisciplinary approach. Each stage is personalized according to the patient's general condition and needs.
After Rectal Cancer Surgery
The postoperative process is of great importance for the patient's recovery and restoration of quality of life. Postoperative care and follow-up are part of both physical and psychological recovery. This process may vary depending on the patient's general health, the type of surgery, and the stage of the tumor.
After surgery, the patient usually stays in the hospital for a few days to a week. This period depends on the type of surgery and the patient's recovery rate. Early resumption of bowel movements is closely monitored.
Careful wound care is performed to reduce the risk of infection at the surgical site. In addition, pain management and fluid-electrolyte balance are provided. If a colostomy is performed, the patient learns how to use the colostomy bag.
After discharge, the patient should rest to support the healing of the surgical site. Heavy physical activity should be avoided. Eating habits play an important role in the postoperative period. A well-balanced diet that is easy to digest, rich in fiber is recommended.
Regular doctor check-ups after surgery are important. Blood tests, imaging tests, and colonoscopy are used to monitor the risk of recurrence. In advanced cancers, additional treatments such as chemotherapy or radiotherapy may be required after surgery.
Psychological support is also very important in the post-operative period. Patients who have to cope with permanent changes such as a colostomy may need expert help. Patient support groups can help make this process easier.
Rectal cancer surgery The post-operative period is important for physical recovery and improving quality of life. Doctor's recommendations should be followed and regular check-ups should not be neglected. In addition, a healthy lifestyle should be adopted.
